9Sudan

Another devastating conflict is the Sudanese Civil War (2023–present). The war erupted in 2023 between Sudan’s national army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a powerful paramilitary group. 

Urban warfare has severely damaged the capital city of Khartoum. Entire neighborhoods have been abandoned as civilians escape violence, famine, and the collapse of essential services. Fighting has also spread to regions such as Darfur and Kordofan, where clashes between armed groups have worsened an already fragile humanitarian situation.